Armizare Glossary of Terms

Abrazare: Grappling and wrestling.  

Accrescimento: advance; an advancing step.  May be taken with one or both feet.

Breve: “Short.” An Instabile posta.

Chiave: “Key.” Fiore calls one of his ligadure or lock the “chiave forte” or “strong key.”

Colpo: A blow with a weapon, such as a daga, (dagger), spada (sword) or azza (axe). 

Companion: A figure without garter or crown who teaches a method of attack.  Also known as the Player.

Counterattack: An attack into an attack that defelects, opposes, or avoids the incoming attack. 

Counter Master: A crowned master who teaches a counter to the defensive action of the Remedy Master.

Counter-Counter Master: A crowned master who teaches a counter to the defensive action of the Counter Master.

Daga: Dagger. 

Destra: on the right 

Decrescimento: retreat: a retreating step.  May be taken with one or both feet.

Doppia: Doubled

Filo Falso: False Edge, the edge of the sword facing away from the knuckles of the hand.

Falso: an action employing the false edge of the sword, such as a cut or rebattemento. 

Fendente: A descending blow.  Fiore’s fendenti are made a sharp downward angle, described as being from teeth on one side to knee on the other.

Fendenti: the plural form of fendente.

Finestra: Window. An Instabile posta.

Filo: Edge. Dritto filo (true edge), falso filo (false edge). 

“A Fora di strada:” off the line 

Fight Master: Crowned master who teaches martial principles.

First Master: Crowned master who teaches a defensive technique and the principel behind it.  Also known as the Remedy Master.

Forte: Strong, in context, the strong of the blade, from the mezza spada to the hilt.

Incrosada: Cross, usually when weapons are bound; also when arms are crossed in dagger guards.  Fiore classes the incrosade as breaks, exchanges, and rebattamenti (beats), and demonstrates a “sticky” cross.  I find it useful to subdivide rebattamenti into beats and deflections.  The incrosada is by its nature an instabile position.

Instabile: Changeable or mutable.  Refers to the class of poste that operate either in contact with the adversary’s weapon or in the space between combatants.
Lanza: lance/spear.
Ligadura: a wrestling bind or lock.
Mandritto: literally “right hand,” but used in the sense of “forehand,” as in a forehand swing with the dominant hand.

Meza/mezana: middle or half, depending on context. 

Mezano: Any blow which is not a fendente or sottano, both of which which take very specific downward or upward angles.

Parry: A defense made with the weapon.

Passare: To pass. A step where one foot passes the other, but without changing guard position.  See Mezza Volta. 

Player: A figure without garter or crown who teaches a method of attack.  Also referred to as Companion.

Posta: A Guard position. 

Poste: The plural of posta.

Posta di Abrazare: Wrestling Guards

  • Posta Longa
  • Posta Dente de Zhenghiaro
  • Porta di Ferro
  • Posta Frontale

Posta di Daga: Dagger Guards

  • Tutta Porta di Ferro sempio. 
  • Tutta Porta di Ferro doppia. 
  • Meza Porta di Ferro, doppia e incrosada.
  • Mezana Porta di Ferro doppia. 
  • Tutta Porta di Ferro doppia

Posta di Spada d’un Man: Single-Handed Sword Guards

  • Coda di Lunga la Destraza
  • Coda di Lunga la Sinestra
  • Dente de Zenghiaro (also cinghiaro or cinghiale): Boar’s Tooth Guard
  • Posta di Donna la Destraza
  • Posta di Donna la Sinestra
  • Posta Breve
  • Porta di Ferro Mezzana
  • Posta Frontale

Posta di Spada: Two-Handed Sword Guards

  • Stabile Posta of the Sword:
    • Posta Breve: Short Guard (also an instabile posta)
    • Dente de Zenghiaro (also cinghiaro or cinghiale): Boar’s Tooth Guard
    • Posta di Coda Lungha: Long Tail Guard
    • Posta Dente de Zenghiaro Mezzano: Middle Boar’s Tooth Guard
  • Pulsativa Poste of the Sword
    • Tutta Porta di Ferro: Full Iron Door
    • Posta di Donna Destraza: Woman’s Guard on the Right
    • Posta di Donna la Senestra: Woman’s Guard on the Left
  • Instabile Posta of the Sword
    • Posta Finestra: Window Guard
    • Posta Longa: Long Guard
    • Porta di Ferro Mezzana: Middle Iron Door
    • Posta Breve: Short Guard (also a stabile posta)
    • Posta di Bicorno: Anvil Guard (probably named for “bicorn,” a type of anvil with two horn-like ends; this is sometimes translated as “two-horned guard)
    • Posta Frontale ditta Corona: Frontal Guard, sometimes called “crown.”

Posta di Spada en Arme: Armoured Sword Guards

  • Posta Breve la Serpentina: Short Serpent Guard
  • Posta di Vera Croce: True Cross Guard
  • Serpentino lo Soprano: High Serpent
  • Porta di Ferro la mezana: Middle Iron Door
  • Posta Sagittaria: Archer’s Guard
  • Posta de Croce Bastarda: Bastard Cross Guard

Posta di Azza: Axe Guards

  • Posta Breve la Serpentina: Short Serpent Guard
  • Posta di Vera Croce: True Cross Guard
  • Posta di Donna: Woman’s Guard
  • Dente di Cinghiaro: Boar’s Tooth
  • Mezana Porta di Ferro: Middle Iron Door
  • Posta Coda di Lungha: Long Tail Guard
  • Posta di Finestra: Window Gaurd

Posta di Lanza: Spear Guards

  • Tutta Porta di Ferro
  • Mezza Porta di Ferro
  • Dente di Cinghiaro
  • Posta di Vera Croce
  • Posta di Finestra

Pulsativa: Striking.  Refers to Poste whose dominant characteristic is a strong blow (but note that all poste can make blows).

Punta: The point of a weapon; also a thrust. 

Punta Sopramano: overhand thrust.

Punta Sottomano: underhand thrust.

Rebattere: To beat aside, specifically an incoming weapon. 

Rebattemento: A beat.

Remedy: A defense against an attack.  The defense might be a parry or another action, such as a void.

Remedy Master: Crowned master who teaches a defensive technique and the principel behind it.  Also known as the First Master.

Rompere: To break.

Rompere di punta: To break an incoming thrust with a cut.

Riverso: Literally “reverse,” but used in the sense of “backhand,” as in a backhand swing. 

Scambiar: To exchange. 

Scambiar di punta: Exchange of thrust. 

Scholar: A figure with a garter on his leg who teaches plays that stem from the action of the Remedy Master or the Counter Master.

Sempia: Single/Simple.

Sinestra: on the left. 

Sopramano: Overhand.

Sottano: A rising blow, taken at the same angle as the fendente but terminating at the level of the forehead.

Sottomano: Underhand. 

Spada: Sword 

Stabile: Stable.  Refers to Poste where the sword is low and well suited for waiting and defending.

Strada: way, line. Specifically the line between two fencers.

Tornare: to pass backwards. 

Tutta: whole or full. 

Void: Negate an attack by stepping out of its reach. 

Volta: turn.  

  • Mezza Volta: Half Turn.  A movement of the body that changes the facing from one side to the other (e.g. left to right and vice-versa); also a movement of the sword or other weapon that changes direction of the blade in the same manner; or a turn of the hand in the same manner.
  • Tutta Volta: Full Turn.  A movement of the body that reverses the facing of the body: one foot remains in a fixed or stable position and the other travels around it; also a movement of the sword or other weapon that travels around another weapon to the other side.
  • Volta Stabile: A movement of the body where the feet remain stable or fixed in position, while the body changes facing to a degree, powered by the action of the hips; also a movement of the sword or other weapon where one point of the sword (or other weapon) remains fixed while the punta or filo is redirected.

Zogho: Play.  Also “giocco,” an intervocalic for “zogho.” 

Zogho Largo: wide play. Specifically actions with weapons that occur at wide measure.   

Zogho Stretto: close play. Specifically actions with or without weapons that occur in close measure.